LIFE SCIENCE MIDTERM STUDY GUIDE
1. It requires faith to accept either biblical Creationism or evolutionism.
2. God created sky to separate the waters on day two.
3. God created land animals and man on day six.
4. The intelligent design theory proposes that nature abounds with evidence of design, but the theory does not state who or what the designer might be.
5. The gap, long-day, and progressive creationism theories rejects a literal interpretation of Genesis 1.
6. Genealogies would be evidence most likely used by young-earth creationists.
7. God making the animals hibernate while in the ark is not a fact found in the Genesis Flood account.
8. Fossils have been preserved in amber, tar, and ice.
9. Extensive fossil formation is not taking place today in certain parts of the world.
10. Several possible dinosaurs are described in the book of Job.
11. The theory of acquired characteristics does not state that one kind of organism can change into a different kind of organism.
12. The peppered moths did not play a role in Darwin’s development of his theories.
13. The phrase “survival of the fittest” is most closely associated with the theory of natural selection.
14. Lamark proposed the theory of the inheritance of acquired characteristics.
15. De Vries came up with the mutation theory of evolution.
16. Most mutations are somatic, harmful, and not passed on.
17. The mutation-selection theory, also called Neo-Darwinism is the most commonly accepted evolutionary theory today.
18. Common ancestors are often missing links.
19. Homologous structures are features that are shared by two or more species and used by evolutionists to indicate common ancestry.
20. Some evolutionists view the Archaeopteryx as a missing link between reptiles and birds.
21. Bacteria are considered to be prokaryotic organisms because they lack a true membrane-bound nucleus.
22. Not all bacteria have the potential to make people sick.
23. Viruses cannot reproduce on their own and have no cell membrane.
24. Antibiotics is not a defense against viruses.
25. A rod-shaped bacterium is usually called a bacillus.
26. Amoebas use pseudopodia for movement, euglena use flagella, spirogyra have no form of movement, and paramecium use cilia for movement.
27. Fragmentation and conjugation both occur in spirogyra.
28. All types of fungi have hyphae, and all species produce spores.
29. Mycorrhizae are symbiotic relationships between fungi and a plant’s roots.
30. Blue cheese, bread, and penicillin are created with the help of fungi.
31. All plants do not produce flowers.
32. Leaves do not have nodes.
33. Grasses have fiberous root systems.
34. Turgor pressure helps to support herbaceous stems.
35. The grass in your yard exhibit parallel venation.
36. A vascular bundle contains xylem and phloem.
37. One annual ring in a tree cross section is made up of spring wood and summerwood.
38. Pine trees have vascular tissue and produce seeds
39. Mosses have no vascular tissue, produce spores, and have rhizoids.
40. Ferns have vascular tissue, produce spores, and have rhizomes.
41. Know photoperiodism
42. Know positive phototropism
43. Know positive gravitropism
44. Know nastic movements
45. Plants can use extra sugar to make cellulose, starch, and lipids.
46. Root hair to xylem to spongy layer to stoma best describes the path of water through a typical plant.
47. The main thing that stomata and lenticels have in common is that both are involved in gas exchange.
48. Photoperiodism is controlled by phytochromes.
49. Sexual reproduction provides greater genetic variation than asexual reproduction.
50. Gametes are haploid.
51. The stamen is the male part of the flower.
52. The leaflike structure that protects the flower during its development are sepals.
53. Flowers attract pollinators with tastes, odors, and colors.
54. Nectar is a substance that most directly aids pollination.
55. Male is to pollen as female is to ovule.
56. The stored food in a seed is called the cotyledon.
57. Runners are usually associated with plantlets.
58. All animals are eukaryotic, multicellular, and have true tissues.
59. An invertebrate is an animal that has an external skeleton.
60. Sponges are filter feeders.
61. Nematocysts help a jellyfish protect itself and feed itself.
62. Bilateral symmetry is exhibited by a planarian.
63. Neurons and ganglia are associated with an animal’s nervous system.
64. Ascaris is a round worm.
65. The excretory tubule is not an organ in the earthworms digestive system.
66. The earthworm’s blood pressure is controlled by five pairs of aortic arches.
67. The hookworm is in phylum nematoda.
68. The earthworm is in phylum annelida.
69. The coral is in phylum cnidaria.
70. The sponge is in phylum porifera.
71. The tapeworm is in phylum platyhelminthes.
Diagrams to know
1. Paramecium and amoeba cells page 171
2. Mushroom page 175
3. Plant page 181
4. Cross section of leaf page 199
5. Flower page 209
6. Cross section of earthworm page 232
7. Digestive system of earthworm page 236
Vocabulary to know
biblical Creationism
evolutionism
long-day theory
literal view
gap theory
old-earth theory
theory of intelligent design
young-earth theory
progressive creationism
Archaeopteryx
biological evolution
common ancestor
evolution-mutation theory
fossil record
germ mutation
HMS Beagle
inheritance of acquired characteristics
missing link
mutation-selection theory
Pteranodon
Santa Maria
somatic mutation
theory of natural selection
algae
cilia
conjugation
flagella
fragmentation
plankton
protozoa
red tide
Archaebatera
bacillus
cyanobacteria
Eubacteria
nucleus
spirillum
strep
virus
bark
cellulose
cork
cuticle
epidermis
fiber
phloem
plastid
turgor pressure
vascular bundles
wood
xylem
day-neutral plants
gravitropism
nastic
negative tropism
photoperiodism
phototropism
positive tropism
short-day plants
tropism
anther
filament
flower
pistil
pollen
pollentube
seed
sepals
stigma
style
coral
ectoderm
endoderm
hydrostatic
nematocyst
nerve
neuron
pores
spicules
spongin